#General Principles

1. **Fundamental Right**: The right to freedom of peaceful assembly is recognized as a fundamental right in a democratic society, akin to the right to freedom of expression (6_73, 7_73, 126_35, 183_39, 266_33).
2. **Inclusive Scope**: The right to freedom of peaceful assembly is secured to everyone who organizes or participates in a peaceful demonstration (3_92, 6_73, 12_93, 13_83, 14_84, 16_85, 202_23, 246_6, 248_21).
3. **Organizers and Participants**: This right can be exercised by both individual participants and those organizing the assembly, including corporate bodies and associations (3_92, 5_54, 6_73, 7_73, 138_25, 138_27, 235_27, 235_28, 266_24).

#Applications

1. **Political Parties and Members**:
- Political parties and their representatives are within the personal scope of Article 11. For instance, a political party and its chairman were both recognized as victims of a violation of their rights under Article 11 (5_53, 5_54, 5_85, 100_145, 105_8, 124_15, 188_41, 188_42, 202_23, 214_6, 214_7, 439_14, 439_20).
- The Christian Democratic People's Party (CDPP) and its members were recognized as falling within the personal scope of Article 11 when they organized and participated in peaceful gatherings (5_53, 5_54, 5_85, 100_145, 105_8, 439_14, 439_20).

2. **Trade Unions and Members**:
- Members of trade unions participating in demonstrations related to their union activities are protected. For example, the applicant in case 246_6 participated in a demonstration organized by her trade union, and the Court recognized this as an exercise of her right to freedom of assembly (246_6, 246_11, 102_24, 197_30, 197_31, 197_32, 197_33, 229_12, 229_17, 229_19, 229_21, 445_44, 445_45, 445_54).

3. **Non-Governmental Organizations and Associations**:
- NGOs and their members are recognized under Article 11. For example, the applicant association in case 3_92 was recognized as having the right to organize a peaceful demonstration (3_92, 55_129 to 55_145, 115_31, 116_18, 116_19, 116_20, 116_21, 116_22, 149_1, 149_7, 151_23, 151_24, 220_5, 248_21, 249_46, 340_47, 340_48, 340_49, 383_30, 383_31, 383_209, 383_210, 383_211, 383_212, 383_213, 383_214, 393_14, 393_35, 393_36, 393_39, 402_1, 402_5, 402_13, 402_20, 402_25, 402_30, 402_41).

4. **Religious Groups**:
- Members of religious communities, such as Jehovah's Witnesses, are recognized under Article 11. For instance, the applicant in case 53_31 was a Jehovah's Witness who rented premises to conduct meetings of the community (53_31, 53_85, 114_24, 114_51, 114_52, 114_53, 114_54, 402_1, 402_5, 402_13, 402_20, 402_25, 402_30, 402_41).

5. **LGBTI Community**:
- The Court has recognized the personal scope of Article 11 for members of the LGBTI community participating in various events, such as the "Rainbow flash mob" (402_5), demonstrations against laws banning "propaganda of non-traditional sexual relations" (402_13), and events marking Coming Out Day (402_25, 416_1, 426_1). The Court has also addressed the failure of authorities to protect LGBTI participants from violence and to conduct effective investigations (402_1, 402_5, 402_20, 402_25, 402_30, 402_41, 227_9, 227_21, 255_7, 255_8).

6. **Minors**:
- The Court has taken into account the age of participants, particularly minors, when assessing the proportionality of interferences with their right to freedom of assembly. In case 256_115, the Court noted the extreme severity of penalties imposed on a minor and emphasized the need for special consideration of their age (256_115).

7. **Observers and Human Rights Defenders**:
- Observers and human rights defenders are included within the personal scope of Article 11. For instance, the applicant in case 225_14 was a human rights activist and participated in a public event, which was recognized as an exercise of his right to freedom of assembly (225_14, 225_21, 225_22, 225_23, 225_24, 400_13).

8. **Individual Participants**:
- Individual participants in various demonstrations and protests are recognized under Article 11. For example, the applicant in case 10_9 was a French national who participated in a demonstration and was recognized under Article 11 (10_9, 10_36, 110_94, 118_100, 120_75, 121_31, 143_63, 177_36, 402_1, 402_5, 402_13, 402_20, 402_25, 402_30, 402_41, 403_6, 403_7, 404_16, 404_17, 405_14, 406_2, 407_14, 408_15, 409_7, 409_8, 410_11, 411_7, 412_35, 412_37, 414_43, 414_44, 414_45, 414_46, 414_47, 416_1, 416_4, 416_10, 417_45, 417_47, 418_7, 419_7, 419_10, 420_98, 420_99, 420_100, 420_101, 420_102, 422_21, 422_22, 423_26, 423_36, 424_13, 424_15, 426_1, 426_39, 428_7, 429_16, 430_15, 431_20, 431_21, 432_21, 432_33, 432_34, 433_5, 433_6, 434_24, 436_130, 436_142, 439_14, 439_20, 442_1, 442_22, 445_44, 445_45, 445_54, 447_13, 447_14, 449_19, 449_20, 451_7, 452_7, 453_8, 453_12, 455_13, 455_14, 456_6, 456_9, 458_35, 458_36, 459_7, 460_10, 463_7, 463_8, 464_5, 464_6, 464_54, 464_55, 464_56, 464_57, 464_58, 464_59, 466_44, 466_50, 467_7, 467_8, 468_7, 468_8, 469_10, 470_6, 470_7, 471_7, 472_7, 473_19, 473_20, 474_7, 475_7, 475_8, 475_9, 476_7, 477_12, 477_13, 479_7, 479_11, 480_33, 480_34, 480_81, 480_82, 481_6, 481_7, 483_10, 484_7, 484_8, 485_7, 486_7, 487_7, 487_8, 488_7, 488_8, 490_7, 490_11, 491_7, 492_7, 497_7, 498_7, 498_8, 499_7, 499_8).

9. **Disproportionate Measures**:
- The Court has found violations of Article 11 in cases where disproportionate measures were taken against participants and organizers, such as arrests, detentions, and administrative convictions (23_114, 26_103, 30_104, 118_100, 120_75, 121_31, 143_63, 177_36, 286_10, 279_9, 606_10, 636_10, 642_10, 685_10, 503_7, 504_7, 505_7, 506_14, 509_7, 510_7, 511_7, 512_7, 520_7, 521_9, 522_7, 524_7, 526_7, 527_7, 528_7, 530_6, 537_7, 539_7, 541_7, 543_7, 544_7, 545_7, 546_7, 551_8, 556_7, 561_7, 563_7, 565_7, 566_7, 567_7, 571_7, 572_7, 573_6, 577_7, 580_7, 583_7, 584_7, 586_7, 587_6, 605_10, 606_7, 608_7, 609_7, 610_7, 611_7, 612_7, 613_7, 614_7, 617_7, 618_8, 620_7, 621_7, 622_7, 623_7, 624_7, 625_7, 626_7, 627_26, 628_7, 629_7, 630_7, 632_7, 633_7, 634_7, 635_7, 636_7, 637_7, 638_7, 639_7, 640_7, 641_10, 642_7, 643_7, 644_7, 645_7, 646_7, 648_7, 649_7, 650_7, 651_7, 652_7, 653_7, 654_7, 655_7, 656_7, 657_7, 658_7, 659_7, 660_7, 661_7, 662_7, 664_7, 665_7, 666_7, 667_7, 668_8, 669_7, 670_7, 671_7, 672_7, 673_7, 674_7, 675_7, 676_7, 677_8, 679_4, 680_7, 681_7, 682_7, 683_7, 684_7, 685_7, 686_7, 688_7, 689_7, 690_7, 691_7, 673_9).

10. **Victim Status**:
- The Court has clarified that to claim victim status under Article 34, an individual must be directly affected by the impugned measure. Organizers of assemblies can claim to be directly concerned by any negative decisions of the authorities (235_27, 235_28, 248_21, 249_46).

11. **Discriminatory Treatment**:
- The Court has considered cases where individuals or groups were subjected to discriminatory treatment in relation to their right to freedom of assembly. For example, in case 227_9, the Court found that the ban on holding LGBT public assemblies imposed by the domestic authorities was discriminatory and not necessary in a democratic society (227_9, 227_21, 255_7, 255_8).